electrolyte composition of body fluid compartments

#ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION OF BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS HOW TO#

Extracellular fluid has two primary constituents: the fluid component of the blood (called plasma) and the interstitial fluid (IF) that surrounds all cells not in the blood (Figure 1). Extracellular fluid (ECF) surrounds all cells in the body. The intracellular fluid (ICF) compartment is the system that includes all fluid enclosed in cells by their plasma membranes. An appropriate balance of solutes inside and outside of cells must be maintained to ensure normal function.īody Water Content: Human beings are mostly water, ranging from about 75 percent of body mass in infants to about 50–60 percent in adult men and women, to as low as 45 percent in old age.įluid Compartments: Body fluids can be discussed in terms of their specific fluid compartment, a location that is largely separate from another compartment by some form of a physical barrier. In the body, water moves through semi-permeable membranes of cells and from one compartment of the body to another by osmosis. In the human body, solutes vary in different parts of the body, but may include proteins-including those that transport lipids, carbohydrates, and very importantly, electrolytes. The dissolved substances in a solution are called solutes. The chemical reactions of life take place in aqueous solutions. Part 1: Body Fluids and Fluid Compartments Specify at least two causative disorders or circumstances that would cause each of the following and explain how they do so.Metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis.Respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis.Metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis.Respiratory acidosis and respiratory alkalosis.Compare and contrast (describe similarities and differences between):.Define alkalosis and specify two general causes of alkalosis.Define acidosis and specify two general causes of acidosis.Describe the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system and specify two other buffer systems.Describe three mechanisms by which the body regulates its pH.Anaerobic conditions (lactic acid fermentation).Introduction of regular foodstuffs into the digestive tract.Describe the mechanism(s) by which acids and/or bases arise in the human body as a result of each of the following:.Describe the sources of acids and bases in the body.For each of the following solutions, state (a) whether it is acidic or basic, AND (b) whether it is “more acidic” or “less acidic” than a solution with a pH of 7.3:.State whether each solution described above is acidic, basic or neutral.

#ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION OF BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS HOW TO#

Explain in words how to calculate the difference in hydrogen ion concentration between a solution with a pH of 4 and one with a pH of 9.Describe how to use the pH scale to determine hydrogen ion concentration, and how to use it to compare two solutions, by completing the following questions:.Describe the function of such solutions in the human body and explain how they perform that function. Explain the chemical nature of a buffer solution.Define and clearly distinguish between an electrolyte, an acid, and a base.Define the following terms: electrolyte, acid, base, buffer.Of the three major fluid compartments in the human body (intracellular fluid, blood plasma, and interstitial fluid), which two are most similar to each other? Explain why this grouping is not unexpected.Intracellular fluid and interstitial fluid.Compare and contrast the electrolyte composition of each of the following pairs of body fluid compartments:.Specify four functions of ions in the body.Describe the difference between compounds that are electrolytes and those that are non-electrolytes.III. Describe the mechanisms for the control of electrolytes in the body. II. Describe the electrolyte composition of the body. Define and describe the measurement of pH. At the end of this unit, you should be able to complete all the following tasks, including answering the guiding questions associated with each task.

Electrolyte composition of body fluid compartments